The blog describe the fascinating story of how a compound found in the venom of the Gila monster led to the development of Ozempic, a drug used to treat type 2 diabetes and aid weight loss.
The Discovery of Exendin-4
In the 1980s, scientists made a remarkable discovery while studying the venom of the Gila monster, a venomous lizard native to the southwestern United States. They identified a hormone-like molecule called exendin-4, which plays a crucial role in regulating the Gila monster’s blood sugar levels and metabolism.
- Exendin-4 helps the Gila monster maintain stable blood sugar levels and efficiently utilise energy during periods of hibernation.
From Venom to Medicine
Recognising the potential of exendin-4, researchers set out to synthesise this molecule, leading to the creation of Ozempic. Ozempic mimics the effects of GLP-1, a naturally occurring hormone in humans that helps regulate blood sugar levels and appetite.
Ozempic’s Mechanism of Action
Gila monsters produce a compound in their venom that helps them regulate hunger, similar to a hormone produced in the human intestines. This lizard venom compound is longer-acting than the human hormone, providing prolonged effects. Ozempic, being a synthetic version of exendin-4, works in a similar manner to this venom compound.
A New Class of Drugs
Ozempic belongs to a new class of drugs that includes Wegovy, another medication used for weight management. Both Ozempic and Wegovy contain semaglutide, a derivative of the Gila monster’s exendin-4. This highlights how a discovery from the natural world has led to the development of effective treatments for human health conditions.
Comments and Reactions