The Anglo-Zanzibar War of 1896, is widely regarded as the shortest war ever fought, lasting only between 38 and 45 minutes. This conflict took place on 27 August 1896, and involved the British Empire and the Sultanate of Zanzibar.

  • The war was triggered by the sudden death of the pro-British Sultan Hamad bin Thuwaini.
  • His successor, Khalid bin Barghash, was not favoured by the British due to his anti-British stance.
  • The British issued an ultimatum to Khalid, demanding his resignation in favour of a pro-British ruler.
  • Khalid refused to comply and instead fortified his palace, anticipating a conflict.

At 9:02 a.m., when the ultimatum lapsed, the British forces, including warships stationed in the harbour, initiated an attack on the palace. The bombardment, lasting until roughly 9:40 a.m., swiftly overwhelmed Khalid’s forces who were ill-equipped, with limited artillery and manpower.

  • The Sultan’s defences were obliterated, his forces surrendered, and Khalid himself fled to seek asylum.
  • This marked the end of the fighting, making it the shortest documented war in history.

In the aftermath, the British installed a new Sultan aligned with their interests, solidifying their control over Zanzibar. The Anglo-Zanzibar War serves as a compelling example of the British Empire’s dominance during its peak and the swiftness with which it acted to maintain colonial authority. This event also highlights the power dynamics of the colonial era and the surprising speed at which some conflicts were resolved.

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